Functional Groups Pdf Functional Group Alkene So alkane, alkene, alkyne 10. ester 2 oxygens c=o double bond, with o c directly attached 9. (carboxylic) acid 2 oxygens the functional groups, r z functional group z name suffix (or prefix) used in systematic name oh or r alkane alkene alkyne arene x (cl, br, i, or f) haloalkane alcohol ether nh 2 aldehyde. Functional groups more generally, specific groups of atoms are called “functional groups” and these groups do show characteristic chemical behaviour. most of these fgs either have polar bonds or π bonds or both. we use functional groups to classify chemicals.
Functional Groups Pdf Functional Group Alkene The functional groups (section 3 1) hydrocarbons: c h only 0. alkanes and cycloalkanes. an “alkyl group” is part of a molecule that contains only c, h, and single bonds. alkenes c=c. the two π bonded atoms have parallel and overlapping p orbitals. to rotate the bond completely breaks the π bond half way through the rotation. Functional group (fg): group of atoms which are part of a large molecule that have characteristic chemical behavior. fg’s behave similarly in every molecule they are part of. the chemistry of the organic molecule is defined by the function groups it contains. The oh group is an alcohol [unless oh is attached to c=o, in which case it's a carboxylic acid (below)] characteristics: polar (o h group participates in hydrogen bonding). Summary of rules for naming acyclic alkanes 1. find the longest continuous carbon chain and name it as the alkane parent. • if two chains of equal length are found, pick the one with the most branches as the parent. 2. number the carbon atoms in the chain. • number in the direction that gives the first substituent the lowest number.
Functional Groups Pdf Functional Group Alkane The oh group is an alcohol [unless oh is attached to c=o, in which case it's a carboxylic acid (below)] characteristics: polar (o h group participates in hydrogen bonding). Summary of rules for naming acyclic alkanes 1. find the longest continuous carbon chain and name it as the alkane parent. • if two chains of equal length are found, pick the one with the most branches as the parent. 2. number the carbon atoms in the chain. • number in the direction that gives the first substituent the lowest number. It introduces organic chemistry and some common classes of organic compounds such as alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, alkyl halides, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and amines. it also discusses drawing structures of organic compounds and naming organic compounds. Functional groups to know and love family name functional group structure simple example alkane contains only c h and c c single bonds h 3 c ch 3 alkene c c c c h h 3 c ch 3 h alkyne c c h c c h arene c c c c c c c c c c c c h h h h h h halide c x x = f, cl, br, i h 3 c cl alcohol c oh h 3 c oh ether c o c h 3 ch 2 c o c h 2 ch 3 amine n n c h. Sometimes alkanes are considered to be a functional group if there is no other functional group in the molecule (e.g. 2,2,3,3 tetramethylbutane is a branched alkane). Dispersion forces increase with molecular size, thus generally higher bp and mp for larger alkanes; increased branching lowers bp and mp. the energy of the molecule depends on the angle of.
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